JLPT N5-N4 Counters, Floors, Scores & Ordinal Numbers Summary

日語數量詞、樓層與分數總整理 | JLPT N5 & N4

🔢 助数词 (Counters)

Counters illustration

数量的世界,从「人」开始 ✨

👤 人(〜人)

There are five students.

There are three people in my family.

💡 Note|〜人 的特殊读法 Special pronunciation of "人"Learn more

一人・二人 不读「いちにん/ににん」, 而是 ひとり/ふたり

三人(さんにん) 开始才使用「〜にん」。

📦 通用(〜つ)

Counters illustration

数量的世界,从つ开始 ✨

Two apples, please.

There are three cakes.

💡 Note|什么时候使用「〜つ」When to use 「〜つ」?Learn more

〜つ is used for:

Small, three-dimensional objects
(spheres, cubes, everyday items)
👉 りんご、ケーキ、おもちゃ

Abstract or intangible things
(things you cannot touch or hold)
👉 約束(promise)、理由(reason)、考え(idea)

Ordering from a menu
👉 コーヒーを一つください。

📌 When you are not sure which counter to use, 〜つ is a safe and natural choice.

📦 通用(〜個)

Counters illustration

数えるなら「〜個」で無限大まで!✨

Eleven apples, please.

I bought fifteen books.

💡 Note|什么时候使用「〜個」When to use 「〜個」?Learn more

〜個 is used for:

Small or countable objects
(fruits, toys, books, stationery)
👉 りんご、鉛筆、箱

Anything you can count, especially 11 or more
(when 〜つ cannot be used)
👉 十一個以上の物は〜個で数えます。

Universal counter
(safe choice when unsure which counter to use)
👉 ケーキを十二個ください。

📌 〜つ は 1–10〜個 は 11以上の数字に使うのが自然です。

📄 扁平(〜枚)

Counters illustration

平面的数量,也很重要 ✨

A piece of paper, please.

I bought two stamps.

💡 Note|〜枚 vs 〜本 (Flat vs Long Objects)Learn more

Both 〜枚 and 〜本 are counters for objects, but they describe different shapes:

〜枚(まい)
Used for flat, thin objects.
Paper, tickets, photos, stamps, shirts, plates.
👉 紙を一枚ください。 (One sheet of paper, please.)

〜本(ほん)
Used for long, thin objects.
Pens, bottles, bananas, umbrellas, roads, rivers.
👉 ペンを一本持っています。 (I have one pen.)

⚠️ The key difference is shape, not size.
Flat → 〜枚 | Long & cylindrical → 〜本

✏️ 细长(〜本)

Counters illustration

细长的东西,一本一本数 ✨

I have a pen.

I ate three bananas.

💡 Note|〜本 会发生音变 When do Phonetic Changes occur?Learn more

数字不同,读音会变化:
・一本 → いっぽん
・三本 → さんぼん
・六本 → ろっぽん
👉 JLPT N5 常考音变之一

📏 When to use the counter 「〜本」

The counter 〜本 (〜ほん) is used for long, thin objects.
These objects are usually cylindrical, natural, linear, or even digital.

• Cylindrical objects:
Pens, bottles, pillars, bats, and ties.
These items have a clear round or tube-like shape.

• Natural long objects:
Trees, carrots, bananas, and tails.
These are long objects commonly found in nature.

• Linear objects:
Ribbons, strings, ropes, and hair.
These items are thin and flexible.

• Digital or media content:
TV programs, movies, and online videos.
These are counted as one continuous unit of content.

🐾 動物(〜匹)

Counters illustration

小动物的数量世界 🐾

There are two cats.

I bought a fish.

💡 Note|〜匹 的音变规则 Phonetic Rules for 〜匹Learn more

「ひ」开头的助数词容易音变:
・一匹 → いっぴき
・三匹 → さんびき

二匹(にひき) 不变。

🚗 機械・車(〜台)

Counters illustration

Japanese counter 〜台 illustration showing computers, cars, and televisions.✨

There is a car.

I am using two computers.

☕ 飲み物(〜杯)

I drink a cup of coffee.

Two glasses of water, please.

💡 Note|〜杯 会发生音变 When do Phonetic Changes occur?Learn more

は行助数词(杯・匹・本)在 1 / 3 / 6 / 8 / 10 时常发生音变
数字不同,读音会变化:
・一杯 → いっぱい
・三杯 → さんばい
・六杯 → ろっぱい

👉 JLPT N5 常考音变之一

🔁 次數(〜回)

I have been to Japan once.

I practiced three times.

🏢 楼层 (Floors)

Counters illustration

私の部屋✨

The restaurant is on the third floor.

My room is on the fifth floor.

⚠️ 注意|回 和 階 的区别 The Difference Between 回 and 階Learn more

一回(いっかい)= 次数
一階(いっかい)= 楼层

读音一样,但 汉字和意思完全不同

📊 分数与百分比 (Scores & Percentages)

I got 80 points on the test.

The attendance rate is 90 percent.

📝 日本考试分数读法与等级

This test has a perfect score.

70 points or more is a pass.

📝 Note|日本考试分数的说法 How to Say Exam Scores in Japanese?Learn more

満点(まんてん)= 满分
得点(とくてん)= 实际得分
七十点以上合格

零点 口语常说 ゼロ

🥇 序数词 (Ordinal Numbers)

I like it the most.

This is Lesson 1.

💡 Note|Different ways to say “first” in JapaneseLearn more

Japanese has several words for “first”, depending on the situation:

一番(いちばん)
Used for ranking, preference, or “the best”.
👉 一番好きです。 (I like it the most.)

第一(だいいち)
A formal or written expression.
Often used for lessons, chapters, rules, or announcements.
👉 第一課 (Lesson 1)

一位(いちい)
Means 1st place in a competition or ranking.
👉 一位になりました。 (I got first place.)

一回目(いっかいめ)
Used for order or number of times something happens.
👉 日本へ行くのは一回目です。 (It’s my first time going to Japan.)

📌 These words are not interchangeable. Choose the one that matches ranking, formality, or sequence.

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